Emissions and Energy Use Model – GREET
June 10, 2013
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emission, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) Model is a full life-cycle model for evaluating the energy and emission impacts of various vehicle and fuel combinations. The first version of the GREET model was released in 1996. Since then, the model has been updated and expanded to include additional vehicle types and fuels. The results below are from GREET Model 2012 v.2. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (in carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent) are compared for 2035 vehicles, including conventional, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, extended-range electric, battery electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. Different fuels and/or grid mixes are shown.
Well-to-Wheels Greenhouse Gas Emissions for a 2035 Mid-Size Car
Notes
- At the top of the figure, a 2012 mid-size car is shown for comparison.
- Renewable electricity includes biomass, hydro, wind, solar, and geothermal.
Source
U.S. Department of Energy, Program Record (Offices of Bioenergy Technologies, Fuel Cell Technologies and Vehicle Technologies), "Well-to-Wheels Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Petroleum Use for Mid-Size Light-Duty Vehicles," Record #13005, April 25, 2013.